Full list of the 115 segmentation labels: number, name, category, and example
This document is a reference catalog that lists all 115 segmentation labels that Bareun's segmentation (Segmenter) model distinguishes in a single table.
The principles, such as what a segmentation label is and why it is learned into the model weights, are explained in
Korean morphology created by the 115 segmentation rules, so this page focuses on the full list.
How the 115 are counted
The numbers in the table below are the label numbers (000 to 113) of Bareun's internal segmentation model. Adding the whitespace handling label SP (number 118)
gives 115 in total. SP is also a proper segmentation rule that handles a single space character, so it is counted.
The special tokens that mark sentence boundaries (BOS/EOS/SEP) are not segmentation labels, so they are not included in this count.
Numbers and names may change in part as the model version goes up (this table is based on the currently deployed model).
Categories at a glance
| Category | Phenomena covered | Typical example |
|---|---|---|
| Basic (기본) | Syllables, nominals, predicates, determiners, adverbs, interjections, and symbols, kept as is or segmented | 사람 → 사람/NNG |
| Conjugation (활용) | Regular and irregular conjugation of predicates (ㅂ/ㅅ/ㅎ/ㄷ/ㄹ/러/우/르/여 irregulars, and so on) | 구워 ← 굽 + 어 |
| Contraction (축약) | Two syllables merge into one | 봤어 ← 보 + 았 + 어 |
| Elision (탈락) | Part of a stem or ending disappears | 써서 ← 쓰 + 어서 |
| Omission (생략) | A particle or the copula (이) is missing from the surface form | 킵니다 ← 키 + 이 + ㅂ니다 |
| Copula (지정사) | Conjugation and restoration of the copular particle 이 (VCP) | 수비다 ← 수비 + 이 + 다 |
| Other (기타) | Ending and particle segmentation and other handling | — |
| Whitespace (공백) | Handling of the space between eojeol (word spacing) | SP |
Error detection labels
The labels marked Error detection ✅ in the table below are labels whose names contain _오류 (error), which catch morphological errors at the segmentation stage.
In Bareun's presentation materials, labels that are also used for error judgment, such as the special ㅂ-irregular conjugation forms (활용_ㅂ불규칙_특수_*), are added to these
to present 14 error detection labels. The meaning and examples of these 14 are summarized in
Spell check: morphological errors caught at the segmentation stage.
These labels act as the bridge connecting the morphological analyzer and the spell checker.
Full label table
| # | Label name | Category | Error detection | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 000 | 체언_그대로 | Basic | 사람 → 사람/NNG | |
| 001 | 체언_분절 | Basic | 학교종 → 학교+종 | |
| 002 | 용언_그대로 | Basic | 가다의 가 → 가/VV | |
| 003 | 용언_분절 | Basic | ||
| 004 | 어미_분절 | Other | ||
| 005 | 어미_그대로 | Other | ||
| 006 | 조사_분절 | Other | ||
| 007 | 조사_그대로 | Other | ||
| 008 | 관형_그대로 | Basic | ||
| 009 | 관형_분절 | Basic | ||
| 010 | 부사_그대로 | Basic | ||
| 011 | 부사_분절 | Basic | ||
| 012 | 감탄_그대로 | Basic | ||
| 013 | 감탄_분절 | Basic | ||
| 014 | 기호_분절 | Basic | ||
| 015 | 기호_그대로 | Basic | ||
| 016 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_어간_아어_앞 | Conjugation | 구워 ← 굽+어 (ㅂ→우) | |
| 017 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_어간_으_앞 | Conjugation | ||
| 018 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_어미_아어_1 | Conjugation | ||
| 019 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_어미_ㄴㄹㅁㅂ_1 | Conjugation | ||
| 020 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_어미_으_1 | Conjugation | ||
| 021 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_특수_ㄴㄹ_우탈락_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 022 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_특수_아어_축약_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 023 | 활용_ㅂ불규칙_특수_고은_고아라 | Conjugation | ||
| 024 | 활용_ㅅ불규칙_어간 | Conjugation | 지어 ← 짓+어 (ㅅ dropped) | |
| 025 | 활용_ㅅ불규칙_어_축약 | Conjugation | ||
| 026 | 활용_ㅅ불규칙_어간_ㅅ첨가_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 027 | 활용_ㅎ불규칙_어간 | Conjugation | 파래 ← 파랗+아 | |
| 028 | 활용_ㅎ불규칙_어미_ㄴㄹㅁ_축약 | Conjugation | ||
| 029 | 활용_ㅎ불규칙_어미_아어_축약 | Conjugation | ||
| 030 | 활용_ㄷ불규칙_어간 | Conjugation | 들어 ← 듣+어 (ㄷ→ㄹ) | |
| 031 | 활용_ㄹ불규칙_으_첨가_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 032 | 활용_용언_으_첨가_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 033 | 활용_러불규칙_어미_어_1 | Conjugation | ||
| 034 | 활용_러불규칙_어간_그대로 | Conjugation | ||
| 035 | 활용_러불규칙_어미_어_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 036 | 활용_우불규칙_어미_어 | Conjugation | 퍼 ← 푸+어 (우 dropped) | |
| 037 | 활용_르불규칙_어간 | Conjugation | 흘러 ← 흐르+어 | |
| 038 | 활용_르불규칙_어미_어_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 039 | 활용_르불규칙_어미_아어았었_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 040 | 활용_르불규칙_어간_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 041 | 활용_르불규칙_어간_ㄹ첨가_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | |
| 042 | 활용_여불규칙_ㅐ_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 043 | 활용_여불규칙_해_1 | Conjugation | 해 ← 하+여 | |
| 044 | 활용_여불규칙_아_1 | Conjugation | ||
| 045 | 활용_여불규칙_어미_어_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 046 | 활용_ㅐ불규칙_0 | Conjugation | ||
| 047 | 탈락_ㄹ탈락_어간 | Elision | 노니 ← 놀+니 (ㄹ dropped) | |
| 048 | 탈락_ㄹ탈락_어미_ㄴ | Elision | ||
| 049 | 탈락_ㄹ탈락_어미_ㄹ | Elision | ||
| 050 | 탈락_ㄹ탈락_어미_ㅂ_0 | Elision | ||
| 051 | 탈락_ㄹ축약_어미_ㅁ | Elision | ||
| 052 | 탈락_으탈락 | Elision | 써서 ← 쓰+어서 (으 dropped) | |
| 053 | 탈락_ㅎ탈락 | Elision | ||
| 054 | 탈락_하탈락_지 | Elision | 편치 ← 편하+지 | |
| 055 | 축약_어간_ㄴㄹㅂ | Contraction | ||
| 056 | 축약_선어말어미_ㄴㄹㅁㅂ | Contraction | ||
| 057 | 축약_어미_보조사_ㄴㄹ_1 | Contraction | ||
| 058 | 축약_조사_보조사_ㄴㄹ_1 | Contraction | ||
| 059 | 축약_명사류_보조사_ㄴㄹ_1 | Contraction | ||
| 060 | 축약_어미_보조사_ㄴㄹ_0 | Contraction | ||
| 061 | 축약_조사_보조사_ㄴㄹ_0 | Contraction | ||
| 062 | 축약_기타_보조사_ㄴㄹ_0 | Contraction | ||
| 063 | 축약_어간_ㅁ | Contraction | ||
| 064 | 축약_중성중복_아어 | Contraction | 가 ← 가+아 | |
| 065 | 축약_중성중복_았었 | Contraction | ||
| 066 | 축약_이중모음 | Contraction | 봐 ← 보+아 | |
| 067 | 축약_ㅐㅔ_어 | Contraction | 개 ← 개+어 | |
| 068 | 축약_의존명사_이_조사 | Contraction | ||
| 069 | 축약_의존명사_이_지정사 | Copula | ||
| 070 | 축약_대명사_의 | Contraction | ||
| 071 | 축약_대명사_에 | Contraction | ||
| 072 | 축약_있_0 | Contraction | ||
| 073 | 축약_방언_었 | Contraction | 돌아가싯다=돌아가+시+ㅅ+다, 사삣다=사+어+삐+ㅅ+다 | |
| 074 | 축약_외_어었_왜왰_오류 | Contraction | ✅ | 왰(error) ↔ 외+었 |
| 075 | 축약_세셔_선어말_시어 | Contraction | ||
| 076 | 축약_쇼슈_선어말_시오 | Contraction | ||
| 077 | 축약_죠_0 | Contraction | ||
| 078 | 축약_ㅎ_어근 | Contraction | ||
| 079 | 축약_ㅎ_어미_ㄱㅈㄷ_1 | Contraction | ||
| 080 | 축약_잖_지않 | Contraction | 잖 ← 지+않 | |
| 081 | 축약_인용_하_ㄹㄴ | Contraction | ||
| 082 | 축약_인용_대래재_도서 | Contraction | ||
| 083 | 축약_인용_대래재_하잖_앞 | Contraction | ||
| 084 | 축약_인용_이_대래재_하잖_1 | Contraction | ||
| 085 | 축약_인용_하시_어_1 | Contraction | ||
| 086 | 축약_인용_하시_었_1 | Contraction | ||
| 087 | 축약_잖 | Contraction | ||
| 088 | 축약_인용_하_얄 | Contraction | ||
| 089 | 축약_이_낸들 | Contraction | ||
| 090 | 축약_체언_이에_1 | Contraction | ||
| 091 | 축약_의존명사_이_ㄴㄹㅂ | Contraction | ||
| 092 | 축약_부정_니에_0 | Contraction | ||
| 093 | 생략_하_1 | Omission | ||
| 094 | 생략_하_어미축약_1 | Omission | ||
| 095 | 생략_이_모음 | Omission | ||
| 096 | 생략_이_자음 | Omission | ||
| 097 | 생략_이_한글아님 | Omission | ||
| 098 | 생략_이_인용_축약_이라하_ㄹ_1 | Omission | ||
| 099 | 생략_이_인용_축약_이라하_아_1 | Omission | ||
| 100 | 생략_이_축약_시어_1 | Omission | ||
| 101 | 생략_이_시기_ㄴㄹㅂ_1 | Omission | ||
| 102 | 생략_이_잖_이지않_1 | Omission | ||
| 103 | 생략_이_인용 | Omission | ||
| 104 | 생략_모음체언_이_ㄴㄹㅂ | Omission | 고리킵니까=고리키/NNP+이/VCP+ㅂ니까 | |
| 105 | 생략_모음조사_이_ㄴㄹㅂ | Omission | ||
| 106 | 생략_명사말음_이_인일입_0 | Omission | ||
| 107 | 활용_지정사_이_1 | Copula | 수비다=수비/NNG+이/VCP+다/EF (copula) | |
| 108 | 활용_지정사_어미_었_오류_1 | Copula | ✅ | Detects errors in combining the copula 이 with 었 |
| 109 | 활용_부정지정사_어미_야_0 | Copula | ||
| 110 | 활용_지정사_어미_요_1 | Copula | 거예요=거+이+에요 | |
| 111 | 활용_어미_분절_아어_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | Detects errors in combining the stem vowel with the ending 아/어 |
| 112 | 활용_이_모음순행동화_요여_오류 | Conjugation | ✅ | 되여(error) ↔ 되어 |
| 113 | 기타_마_말아 | Other | 마 ← 말+아 | |
| 118 | SP | Whitespace | Handles the space between eojeol (word spacing) |
How to read label names
A label name is phenomenon_detail_variant joined with underscores (_).
For example, 생략_모음체언_이_ㄴㄹㅂ_0 means "the copula 이 is omitted after a nominal ending in a vowel and
interacts with a following consonant ㄴ/ㄹ/ㅂ (variant 0)." You can guess which Korean phenomenon a label covers just from its name.
Even for labels with an empty example cell, you can infer the meaning from the components of the name.
Frequently asked questions
Q. How many segmentation labels does Bareun have in total?
Based on the internal segmentation model, the 114 labels 000 to 113 plus the whitespace handling label SP make 115 in total.
Among these, combining the labels with _오류 in their names and the special ㅂ-irregular conjugation forms, the presentation materials introduce 14 error detection labels.
Q. Where can I see the list of the 115 labels?
The full table in this document shows the number, name, category, and example together.
The labels are not a separate rule file. They are encoded in the weights of the trained segmentation model (seg-model.onnx),
and the numbers in the table may change in part with the model version.
Q. What are the labels marked as error detection?
They are labels that identify morphological errors at the segmentation stage (irregular conjugation errors, contraction and vowel assimilation errors, and so on). While restoring morphemes, Bareun also emits the signal that "this eojeol has the wrong form," and this signal leads to the spell checker.
Q. What does it mean when the example is empty?
The example cell is filled only for labels where a reliable representative case has been confirmed.
Even when it is empty, the label name (phenomenon_detail_variant) tells you which Korean morphological change it covers.